| Momentum Bucket | Early Stage |
| Legal Title | AN ACT Relating to legalizing the home cultivation of cannabis by persons who are 21 years of age and older; |
| Bill Description | Legalizing the home cultivation of cannabis by persons who are 21 years of age and older. |
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What this bill does
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This bill amends multiple sections of the controlled substances and cannabis statutes and adds new provisions. It creates statutory exceptions for adults 21 and older to possess specified amounts of useable cannabis, concentrates, and cannabis-infused products (with numeric limits referenced to other RCWs), to deliver limited noncommercial amounts to other adults, and to cultivate a limited number of plants at a residence. It also preserves authorized possession by qualifying patients and designated providers under chapter 69.51A RCW. Home cultivation is limited to six plants per housing unit (with up to 15 plants allowed on a single housing unit premises at any one time), requires plants be lawfully sourced from licensed producers, and is subject to traceability and waste-disposal rules. The bill establishes civil infractions for certain visible or odorous cultivation and for possessing more than six but fewer than 16 plants, and creates a class C felony for producing or possessing 16 or more plants, with authority for law enforcement to seize and summarily destroy plants in excess of six if the person is not authorized.
The bill modifies regulatory and licensing law by amending RCW 69.50.325 to define three license types (cannabis producer, processor, and retailer), require separate location-specific licenses, set application and annual fees ($250 application, $1,381 annual), and limit aggregate retail ownership to five retail licenses per owner. Licensed producers, processors, and retailers acting in compliance with the chapter and rules are exempt from criminal or civil liability for those licensed activities. Producers selling immature plants/clones/seeds to adults must post consumer education, and the liquor and cannabis board must post website information about lawful cultivation and possession. RCW 69.50.401 is amended to restate manufacture/delivery offenses and penalties by drug schedule, with specified felony classes and fines and explicit exceptions for compliant cannabis activity under certain RCWs.
The bill also reenacts and amends forfeiture and seizure procedures, including expanded lists of property subject to forfeiture, procedural protections and timelines for notice, claims, hearings, and removal to court, and specific exceptions preserving personal cannabis possession and small-amount possession from forfeiture except in defined commercial or large-quantity circumstances. It requires recordkeeping and quarterly reports by seizing agencies, annual remittance of 10 percent of net forfeiture proceeds (to a behavioral health loan repayment and scholarship account through June 30, 2027, and thereafter to the state general fund), and restricts retained proceeds to expansion and improvement of controlled-substances-related law enforcement activities. The bill adds a first-contact warning requirement for home cultivation enforcement and encourages diversion for controlled-substance possession/use cases; it also adds a new law-enforcement basic training requirement on bias related to the "war on drugs" beginning July 1, 2026. Certain portions of the text are incomplete in the provided extracts: the exact numeric possession limits referenced in other RCWs, the full text of the new basic training requirement, and some cross-referenced definitions or penalty cross-references are not included here.
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Why it matters
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If enacted, adults 21 and older would be able to legally possess, share in small noncommercial amounts, and grow a limited number of cannabis plants at home (six per person, up to 15 per housing unit) provided they carry liability insurance, source plants from licensed producers, and follow new traceability and waste-disposal rules; producing plants that are visible or smellable from public spaces or other units, growing more than six but fewer than 16 plants, or growing 16 or more plants would expose growers to escalating civil fines or felony charges. Licensed cannabis businesses would operate under three clear license types (producer, processor, retailer), pay a $250 application fee and $1,381 annual fee per location, face a five-license cap per owner, must post consumer education, and risk license forfeiture if not open within board timelines (with protections where local governments block operations).
The practical burdens and funding changes fall on several groups: home growers gain new legal options but also new costs and risks (insurance, required traceability, civil penalties for visibility/odor, criminal risk above thresholds); licensed businesses face per-location licensing costs, educational posting and operational deadlines; the Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board must provide a traceability system and public education materials and may charge administrative fees; law enforcement must give a one-time warning on first contact for home cultivation, add bias training about the “war on drugs” to basic training starting July 1, 2026, and follow detailed seizure, notice, and forfeiture procedures that increase recordkeeping and quarterly reporting; seizing agencies retain 90% of net forfeiture proceeds for controlled-substance law enforcement (must remit 10% annually to a behavioral health loan account through mid-2027, then to the general fund) but may not use proceeds to supplant prior funding. Some implementation details remain unclear from the provided text, including exact personal possession quantity limits referenced in other RCWs and the full content of the required training.
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| Official Documents | View Full Bill Text |
| Date Introduced | 02/21/2025 |
| Originating Chamber | House |
| Biennium | 2025-26 |
| Total Campaign Dollars Backing Bill | $7,820,443.00 |
| CANNABIS |
| LAW ENFORCEMENT |
| Hearing | House Consumer Protection & Business (Public) |
| Hearing | House Consumer Protection & Business (Executive) |
| Hearing | House Appropriations (Public) |