AN ACT Relating to improving meaningful access to elections by increasing language assistance;
Bill Description
Improving meaningful access to elections by increasing language assistance.
What this bill does Powered by Legitron
Creates a new statutory requirement by adding a section to chapter 29A.04 RCW that requires county auditors in designated "covered counties" to provide voter registration and election materials (including ballots), notices, forms, instructions, assistance, and other election-related information in English and in the languages of covered language minority groups designated by the Secretary of State. A county becomes a "covered county" if the Secretary of State, using census data, finds either (a) at least 2.5% of voting-age citizens in the county are members of a single language minority group with limited English proficiency and those limited-English citizens who speak the same language have an illiteracy rate exceeding the national illiteracy rate, or (b) the county contains all or part of an Indian reservation and the same 2.5% and illiteracy thresholds apply to American Indian or Alaska Native citizens residing on that reservation. The bill defines "illiteracy" as failure to complete the fifth primary grade, defines "limited English proficiency," "single language minority group," and defines "Indian reservation."
The Secretary of State must designate covered language minority groups for each covered county by August 1, 2025, and every five years thereafter, notify counties and publish the designations in the Washington State Register within 30 days after release of relevant census data, and establish a grant program to fund county implementation. Designations take effect on publication; counties have 365 days to reach full compliance. A county auditor may petition to terminate a designation no earlier than five years after designation; the Secretary may terminate if updated census data show the group no longer meets the percentage threshold and its illiteracy rate is equal to or less than the national illiteracy rate. The new requirements are expressly in addition to RCW 29A.92.050. The bill conditions its validity on specific funding being provided in the omnibus appropriations act by June 30, 2025; otherwise the act is null and void.
This is primarily a new-law procedural and compliance requirement (obligations on county auditors and duties for the Secretary of State) and creates a grant program; it does not create new crimes or change criminal penalties. The text provided does not specify the source or definition of the "national illiteracy rate," the exact RCW subsection number added, detailed rules for the Secretary of State’s grant program (eligibility, amounts, administration), or precise specifications about which materials or formats must be translated.
Why it matters Powered by Legitron
If this becomes law, certain counties that the secretary of state singles out using census data will have to provide election materials and ballots in English and in additional designated languages, and those counties will have one year after the official designation is published to do so. The secretary of state must pick the languages, notify counties quickly, and set up a grant program to help pay for the work, but the law only takes effect if the Legislature actually provides specific funding by June 30, 2025, so the whole change could be voided if that money isn’t approved.
The people most affected are county auditors in designated counties, who will likely face new translation, printing, staffing, and outreach costs and operational duties, and the secretary of state, who will take on the administrative work of designations and grants. Language minority communities, including residents on Indian reservations, would likely gain better access to voting materials. Important details are unclear for planning: the bill text here doesn’t say how the national illiteracy rate is defined, which exact materials or formats must be translated, or how the grant program will be run and funded, so counties may not know how large their costs or needs will be.